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Radiations, microbes and chemicals cause mutations, leading to formation of malignant cells. There are three steps in transformation of normal …

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Oncogenesis, the pathogenesis of neoplasm, involves either gene itself or a product, i.e. protein. Oncogenes Oncogenes are the genes that …

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Carcinogenesis is the pathogenesis of cancer. Cancer patients may have inherited mutations predisposing to cancer. There are 3 categories of …

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Neoplasia/Neoplasm Neoplasia or neoplasm refers to new growth, new mass or abnormal proliferation. Tumor Previously, any swelling caused by inflammation …

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Vinca Alkaloids Mitotic spindle poisons. Vincristine is obtained from Vinca rosea Mechanism of Action – dimeric form, bind tubulin to …

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Anti-Metabolites Anti metabolites are used to inhibit different metabolic pathways, as rate of metabolism and required metabolites are much higher …

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Alkylating agents are the broad spectrum agennts. Chemistry Different reactive moiety: Bis (chloroethyl) amine / ethyleneimine / nitrosourea, responsible for …

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Cancer chemotherapy includes the drugs used to treat neoplasms, tumors or cancers. These include: Antineoplastic agents Anticancer drugs Cytotoxic drugs …

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Qinghaosu (Artemisinin) Derivatives are the most novel and recently introduced. Now highly recommended. These drugs are artemisinin derivatives, discovered by …

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Drugs obtained from Alkaloids  Quinine Alkaloids from Cinchona Two drugs are obtained: Quinine Quinidine Source & History Chief alkaloid of …

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